Financing, Credit, Investments : Economical Categories

Scientific functions in the hypotheses of finances plus credit, according to be able to the specification of the research object, happen to be characterized to get many-sided and many-leveled.

The meaning of totality with the economical associations formed in the particular process of development, distribution and usage of finances, as funds sources is extensively spread. For instance, in "the standard theory of finances" you can find two explanations of finances:

1) "... Finances indicate economical relations, creation in the funds of money sources, inside the process associated with distribution and répartition of national invoices according to the distribution plus usage". This definition is given relatively to be able to the conditions of Capitalism, when cash-commodity relations gain widespread character;

2) "Finances represent the organization regarding centralized ad decentralized money sources, cost-effective relations relatively using the distribution and even usage, which provide for fulfillment in the state functions and obligations and also provision of the particular conditions from the widened further production". This kind of definition is delivered without showing the environment of it is action. We discuss partly such reason of finances and think expedient in order to make some standards.

First, finances overcome the bounds regarding distribution and répartition service with the national income, though this is a simple first step toward finances. Also, formation and usage of the fall fund which can be the particular part of economical domain, belongs certainly not to the submission and redistribution regarding the national earnings (of newly shaped value during a new year), but for the particular distribution of currently developed value.

This kind of latest first seems to be a new part of value of main industrial money, later it is definitely moved to the expense price of an all sety product (that is to the value too) and after its conclusion, plus its set the particular depression fund. The source is used into account beforehand as a depressive disorders kind in the particular consistence from the ready products price range.

Next, main goal of finances is much wider then "fulfillment in the state functions and obligations plus provision of problems to the widened even more production". Finances are present around the state stage and also on the particular manufactures and branches' level too, and in such problems, when the many portion of the manufactures will be not state.

Sixth v. M. Rodionova features a different location about this issue: "real formation of the financial resources commences on the period of distribution, once the value is realized and concrete economical forms of the particular realized value happen to be separated from typically the consistence with the profit". V. M. Rodionova makes an feature of finances, since distributing relations, when D. S. Moliakov underlines industrial basis of finances.

Although both of these people give quite substantiate discussion of funds, as a technique of formation, supply and usage of the funds involving resources, that is released associated with the following definition of the finances: "financial cash relations, which in turn forms in the process of supply and redistribution associated with the partial associated with the national riches and total social product, is related with the subjects regarding the economy and formation and usage of the express cash incomes and savings in typically the widened further manufacturing, in the stuff stimulation of the workers for fulfillment of the society sociable along with other requests".

Within the manuals involving the political economic system we meet along with these definitions regarding finances:

"Finances regarding the socialistic state represent economical (cash) relations, with the help of which in turn, in the way of planned circulation of the incomes and savings the particular funds of cash sources of the condition and socialistic companies are formed for guaranteeing the growth associated with the production, growing the material and even cultural level associated with the people as well as for satisfying other basic society requests".

Home equity "The system of creation and usage associated with necessary funds associated with cash resources with regard to guarantying socialistic widened further production represent exactly the finances involving the socialistic modern society. And the wholeness of economical contact arisen between condition, manufactures and organizations, branches, regions plus separate citizen based on the movement of dollars funds make monetary relations".
As we've seen, definitions of finances made simply by financiers and political economists never differ greatly.